Compost is derived from the biological decomposition of organic matter accomplished by mixing and piling to promote aerobic and/or anaerobic decomposition. A fermentation process will take place, which turns the material into a good organic fertilizer.

In a good compost heap, the temperature will increase because of the composting process and can reach 55 to 60 °C. During this process, many seeds of weeds, pupae and larvae of insects and spores of fungi will be killed. Therefore, when pests or diseases are present in the field, making compost is better than just digging in plant residues.

Compostsimprove the water holding capacity of soil and provide aeration besides providing needed nutrients.The average nutrient content is 0.5 per cent N, 0.4 per cent P2O5 and 0.8 per cent K2O.